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French History

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Travel in Sixteenth Century France
Evidence shows more people were traveling during the 16th century in France than in previous centuries and also that advances in the travel industry were being made.
Napoleon Bonapartes Egyptian Propaganda Campaign
Revolutionary France's concerns with their arch political and economic rival, England, moved her to consider furthering colonial and strategic opportunities in Egypt.
Early French Exploration of Egyptian Design
Egypt and her aesthetic were familiar to the French prior to the explosive entry of Napoleon Bonaparte and the discoveries of his Egyptian Campaign expeditionary forces.
The Jacobins and the Reign of Terror
The Jacobin Club holds an infamous place in French history. Examine the origin and politics of the club that influenced the French Revolution and the Reign of Terror.
Egyptian Influence on Design in Paris
In the center of Paris at the Place de la Concorde stands a seventy five foot tall obelisk transported from the mysterious and exotic Temple of Karnak in Luxor, Egypt.
Behind The Beautiful Facade
The unruffled exterior of a former Victor Hugo residence belies the explosive 16-year period that played out here in the life of the great French writer.
Maxim's
In the new movie, Cheri, Cheri loves to go to the most famous Paris restaurant of all, Maxim's, and hear the 'clink of the glasses' while drinking champagne.
Napoleon III and French Foreign Policy to 1871
By the time Otto von Bismarck declared the German Empire in the Hall of Mirrors at Versailles, Napoleon III had been out maneuvered and diplomatically isolated.
Comparing the French and American Revolutions
The desire to link the French and American Revolutions stems from French help after the Battle of Saratoga in 1777 but the facts indicate other considerations.
Financial Causes of the French Revolution
For the 22.5 million French in 1789, taxation and prices had risen sixty-five percent while wage increases rose by less than half that amount, prompting popular outcry.
Fall of the Bastille July 14, 1789
Bastille Day commemorates the actions of Parisians in 1789 when thousands stormed the symbol of royal power and forced the king to defer to the National Assembly.
The American and French Revolutions
The American Revolution contributed to the French Revolution both indirectly by changing ideas about government and directly by harming the French economy.
Life in France Under Napoleon Bonaparte
Modern media tells the story of Napoleon's rule from the British point of view, as an aggressor. But how was life under him in France?
Napoleon's Family Rules Europe
Napoleon Bonaparte appoints several relatives to rule various parts of Europe, strengthening the power of the French Empire.
Battle of Waterloo
The Battle of Waterloo marks the last stand for Napoleon Bonaparte. After his defeat by the Duke of Wellington, Napoleon was banished to the remote island of St.
The Reign of Terror in the French Revolution
After the 1792 September Massacres, a newly formed Committee of Public Safety instituted a Reign of Terror designed to eliminate opposition to the new order.
The Amazing Abbey Church of Saint-Denis-Paris
The Abbey Church of Saint-Denis reveals archeological treasures and connections with the monarchy dating from the 7th to the 21st century.
Importance of Versailles
Keeping his nobles busy with concerts, hunting, and other diversions was not Louis' only motive for the construction of a French symbol of Absolute Monarchy.
Palace of Versailles
Louis XIV built the Palace of Versailles to keep his nobles and government officals under his control. Versailles became a symbol of absolutism throughout Europe.
Three Popular Songs of the French Revolution
During the dramatic upheavals of the French Revolution only one form of communication was truly accessible to all classes of people - the popular song.
The Estates-General of 1789
Following economic despair, King Louis XVI calls for a meeting of French representatives. During the meeting, the National Assembly is founded and the Revolution began.
Thermidorian Reaction
Following the Reign of Terror, a number of French radicals led by Maximilien Robespierre were arrested and guillotined as outlaws. This led to the Executive Directory.
The Executive Directory of France
The French Directory was a group of five directors who held executive power from 1795 until 1799. It oversaw the expansion of the French Revolutionary Wars.
National Convention
The National Convention governed France during the period of the French Revolution known as the Reign of Terror. Led primarily by the Jacobins, it lasted until 1795.
Legislative Assembly
The Legislative Assembly was one of the early ruling bodies during the French Revolution. Lasting less than a year, it collapsed under a constitutional crisis.